2014年(nian)亞太經濟(ji)合作組織領導人非正(zheng)式(shi)會(hui)議(yi),將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)于11月(yue)在北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在中國(guo)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)雁棲(qi)湖舉辦。對(dui)于這(zhe)樣一(yi)個國(guo)際(ji)大(da)(da)盛會(hui),各(ge)類用品和食物,可謂百(bai)里(li)挑一(yi)。今天筆者就給大(da)(da)家介紹下,APEC會(hui)議(yi)上的(de)一(yi)些用品和國(guo)宴食品。在這(zhe)國(guo)宴美(mei)食中,中國(guo)美(mei)食可謂一(yi)應俱全(quan),不僅包含東西南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)各(ge)大(da)(da)菜系的(de)特(te)色菜,還(huan)有(you)宮(gong)廷小窩(wo)頭、糖葫蘆、蕓豆(dou)卷兒、豌豆(dou)黃(huang)、驢打滾……多達11種的(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)傳統小吃也將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)給各(ge)成員的(de)代表(biao)們帶來濃濃的(de)“京(jing)(jing)(jing)味(wei)兒”風情 。
負責中(zhong)餐(can)餐(can)飲的(de)(de)廚師長陳保明介紹稱,中(zhong)餐(can)將選(xuan)(xuan)擇能夠最大(da)程(cheng)度展(zhan)現中(zhong)國文化(hua)的(de)(de)水餃、春卷(juan)、小籠包等(deng),并且也(ye)將盡可能呈(cheng)現烤鴨、糖葫蘆、蕓豆(dou)卷(juan)兒、驢打滾(gun)等(deng)北京各(ge)種特色(se)小吃。由于(yu)會(hui)議(yi)議(yi)程(cheng)緊湊,午餐(can)時間(jian)只有(you)1小時甚至(zhi)更短(duan),因(yin)此選(xuan)(xuan)擇這些方便(bian)(bian)快(kuai)捷的(de)(de)小吃既能體現文化(hua)特色(se),又能讓參會(hui)嘉賓方便(bian)(bian)地(di)帶(dai)走,不會(hui)因(yin)為就餐(can)時間(jian)短(duan)而影響(xiang)到餐(can)飲質量。再有(you),就是中(zhong)國特色(se)的(de)(de)各(ge)類(lei)用(yong)品(pin),也(ye)是非常(chang)具有(you)中(zhong)國特色(se),同(tong)時也(ye)融(rong)入了環(huan)保、安全、綠色(se)的(de)(de)概念。比如(ru)各(ge)類(lei)硅(gui)膠用(yong)品(pin):
小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)可上溯(su)至北宋,尚有(you)類似(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“灌湯包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)”流(liu)傳(chuan)至今(jin)。清(qing)代(dai)同治年(nian)(nian)間(jian),在(zai)今(jin)常州、無錫(xi)(xi)一帶(dai)出現(xian)(xian)了(le)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)形(xing)式的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),并在(zai)各(ge)地都形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)色(se)(se),如常州味鮮,無錫(xi)(xi)味甜,但都具有(you)皮薄(bo)鹵足、鮮香美味等共(gong)同特(te)(te)點,并在(zai)開封(feng)、天(tian)津等地也得到(dao)了(le)傳(chuan)揚(yang)。近代(dai)江南(nan)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)真正成(cheng)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)已很難考證,但普遍認為(wei)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)與北宋時(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)“山洞(dong)梅花(hua)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”和“灌湯包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)”有(you)著(zhu)傳(chuan)承上的(de)(de)(de)(de)淵(yuan)源關系,在(zai)靖康之變后由北宋皇室南(nan)遷時(shi)帶(dai)入江南(nan)后演變而來,與中(zhong)國(guo)北方地區流(liu)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)灌湯包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)系出同門(men),千(qian)百年(nian)(nian)來傳(chuan)承一直沒(mei)有(you)斷絕,并在(zai)各(ge)地得到(dao)了(le)創(chuang)(chuang)新和發(fa)揚(yang)。如上海(hai)(hai)南(nan)翔鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)黃明賢在(zai)1871年(nian)(nian)創(chuang)(chuang)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)“南(nan)翔小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”,常州萬華茶樓在(zai)清(qing)代(dai)道(dao)光(guang)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)創(chuang)(chuang)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)“加蟹小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”,包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)清(qing)代(dai)乾隆年(nian)(nian)間(jian)流(liu)行于無錫(xi)(xi)惠山秦園(yuan)一帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無錫(xi)(xi)民間(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),及開封(feng)、天(tian)津等地近代(dai)創(chuang)(chuang)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao),都各(ge)具特(te)(te)色(se)(se)。江南(nan)一帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上海(hai)(hai)、無錫(xi)(xi)、常州、南(nan)京、杭(hang)州、蕪湖等地都有(you)著(zhu)悠久的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)烹飪歷史(shi),現(xian)(xian)存著(zhu)不少以小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)為(wei)特(te)(te)色(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)百年(nian)(nian)老(lao)店。
自50多年前有中國移民在西班牙經營中國餐館開始,中國的小籠包包包也開始在西班牙食客中享有盛譽。西班牙語菜單上的解釋是:“中心加肉的中國面包”。由于美味可口,有的西班牙餐館或酒吧也出售類似中國小籠包包包的食物,但被叫做“西班牙產中式夾肉面包”。
自從20世紀90年(nian)代后,中國移(yi)民(min)大(da)量(liang)進(jin)入(ru)西(xi)班(ban)牙(ya),中國飯店也如雨后春筍(sun)般地遍地開花,小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)每家(jia)飯店必備的(de)主力食品之一(yi)。不(bu)過(guo)那時的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)已(yi)經不(bu)再寫成(cheng)“小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)”,而是(shi)被寫成(cheng)“小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)”。有的(de)寫“中國小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)”,有的(de)寫“上海(hai)小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)”。對于(yu)這個(ge)“小(xiao)(xiao)龍(long)包(bao)(bao)(bao)子(zi)”,西(xi)班(ban)牙(ya)語的(de)注釋(shi)更(geng)絕:“加中國龍(long)肉的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)面(mian)包(bao)(bao)(bao)”。
至于(yu)是誰把“小籠包包”改(gai)成(cheng)了“小龍(long)(long)(long)”,記(ji)者一時無法(fa)考證,由(you)于(yu)龍(long)(long)(long)是中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)象征,中(zhong)國(guo)人都(dou)是龍(long)(long)(long)的(de)傳人,“小龍(long)(long)(long)”、“巨龍(long)(long)(long)”反正(zheng)說(shuo)的(de)都(dou)是中(zhong)國(guo)人、中(zhong)國(guo)物。有的(de)西班牙(ya)餐(can)館(guan)隨之進行(xing)大膽改(gai)革(ge),干脆(cui)將“小龍(long)(long)(long)包”解釋成(cheng):“中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)龍(long)(long)(long)面包”。于(yu)是“龍(long)(long)(long)面包”這一名稱也就在中(zhong)西飯店里迅(xun)速走紅,“龍(long)(long)(long)面包”既好(hao)吃又易(yi)記(ji),不像(xiang)其他的(de)中(zhong)餐(can)名字(zi)不易(yi)說(shuo)更不易(yi)記(ji)。
2000年之后,“小龍包子”又發生了變化。為紀念武打巨星李小龍對武打電影的杰出貢獻,各國電視臺紛紛開辟李小龍電影專題。在西班牙,印有李小龍的彩色招貼畫大街小巷都能看見,西班牙小孩更是一口一個Bruce lee(李小龍),一口一個中國功夫。也就在此時,“小龍包子”的含義又發生變化,有的飯店將“小龍包”解釋成“武打巨星李小龍最喜歡吃的中國肉面包”。“小龍包子”的西班牙名就叫“Bruce lee”,人們點菜時對跑堂說,“我要Bruce lee”,跑堂就知道食客要的是中國的小籠包包子。馳名國外,聞名四海,小籠包包子無疑是小吃中的出名食品了。
資訊來源 揚(yang)州晨化新材料股(gu)份(fen)有(you)限公司