表面活性劑適應(ying)驅油(you)(you)油(you)(you)藏溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度和(he)礦(kuang)化度度條件，具有(you)很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)抗鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)能(neng)力。不同(tong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法有(you)很多，常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)是在水溶(rong)液中表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)親水性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)離(li)子基團的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構，分為(wei)陰離(li)子、陽離(li)子、兩性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)離(li)子、非離(li)子型(xing)和(he)混合型(xing)5種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)；根(gen)據(ju)分子量大(da)小分類(lei)(lei)(lei)，可(ke)分為(wei)低分子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)（分子量300）和(he)高分子表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)（分子量為(wei)1000以(yi)(yi)上(shang)）；按(an)照對三次(ci)采油(you)(you)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)藏條件對表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)分為(wei)耐鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)、耐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，抗鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)耐高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)特殊地層條件下(xia)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)；按(an)照來源分類(lei)(lei)(lei)，可(ke)分為(wei)天然(ran)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)，合成表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)生物表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)；根(gen)據(ju)溶(rong)解性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分類(lei)(lei)(lei)可(ke)分為(wei)水溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)油(you)(you)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。?

選擇合(he)適的表面(mian)活性(xing)劑(ji)用量(liang)在控制粒度(du)大(da)小(xiao)、粒度(du)分布、顆粒形狀(zhuang)等方面(mian)同樣是非常重要的。表面(mian)活性(xing)劑(ji)用量(liang)過(guo)大(da)或過(guo)小(xiao)都會在一定程(cheng)度(du)上影響納米(mi)氧化鋅的性(xing)質。

氧(yang)化鋅(xin)粉末(mo)的粒徑隨表(biao)面(mian)改性(xing)劑(ji)的用量的變化而變化，只有(you)在佳用量值時納米(mi)氧(yang)化鋅(xin)粒徑才會小。這(zhe)是因為當(dang)表(biao)面(mian)改性(xing)劑(ji)用量較少時，在顆(ke)(ke)粒之間或顆(ke)(ke)粒表(biao)面(mian)不能(neng)產生足夠(gou)的斥(chi)力來(lai)阻止顆(ke)(ke)粒之間靠攏的引(yin)力，從(cong)而發生團(tuan)聚。

但是，當表(biao)面活(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)用量過多時，表(biao)面活(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)在(zai)顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)之間(jian)有剩(sheng)余，阻止(zhi)顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)之間(jian)的自由移動(dong)，從而(er)導致(zhi)顆(ke)(ke)粒(li)(li)發(fa)生(sheng)團(tuan)(tuan)聚(ju)。此(ci)外，表(biao)面活(huo)性(xing)劑(ji)本(ben)身的聯(lian)結也會(hui)促使粒(li)(li)子(zi)之間(jian)相互(hu)靠攏(long)而(er)發(fa)生(sheng)團(tuan)(tuan)聚(ju)。