常用的表面活性劑主要是偶聯(lian)劑、高級脂肪(fang)酸及其鹽、不飽和有機(ji)酸和有機(ji)硅(gui)等。偶聯(lian)劑是常用的礦物表(biao)面活性劑。

晶體(ti)結(jie)塊是指晶體(ti)從松散狀態轉(zhuan)變為(wei)塊團(tuan)的現象。結(jie)塊使晶體(ti)顆粒流(liu)動性變差,直接影響產(chan)品(pin)的使用(yong)性能(neng)。在產(chan)品(pin)結(jie)晶過程中(zhong)向(xiang)溶液中(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)微量表面活性劑,可有(you)效防止產(chan)品(pin)的結(jie)塊現象。

總的來說生(sheng)(sheng)物表面活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)在污染治理方(fang)(fang)面具有優良(liang)的性能，由于生(sheng)(sheng)物表面活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)條件(jian)如溫度、壓力(li)；要(yao)求嚴(yan)格(ge)，產(chan)物提(ti)取(qu)較難，瓦產(chan)品的分(fen)離(li)提(ti)取(qu)及粗產(chan)品純(chun)化過程復雜，因此目前我國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)物表面活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)發酵生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)規模較小且產(chan)品價格(ge)較高，因此考慮到成本等各方(fang)(fang)面因素生(sheng)(sheng)物表面活(huo)(huo)性劑(ji)并未廣泛應用于土(tu)壤(rang)修(xiu)復領域(yu)。

生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)會對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)于其(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)土(tu)著微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)群產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一定的(de)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和影響，此(ci)外由于其(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)被(bei)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解，其(qi)(qi)(qi)代謝(xie)產物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)可能(neng)更具毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。因(yin)此(ci)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)的(de)存在(zai)可能(neng)會會對(dui)環(huan)(huan)境造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)一定的(de)污染并增加了環(huan)(huan)境污染的(de)負擔。可見，加強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)對(dui)環(huan)(huan)境產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)潛(qian)在(zai)的(de)影響和其(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)研(yan)究，將為有(you)效地控制(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)的(de)環(huan)(huan)境污染、合理利用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)，提供重要(yao)的(de)科學依據(ju)。在(zai)進行(xing)現(xian)場(chang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)增溶修(xiu)復時，必須(xu)進行(xing)全面(mian)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和環(huan)(huan)境危(wei)害(hai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)實驗(yan)，確(que)保生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)安全。