隨著移動油液滴聚成帶，一個小的油滴聚集在大的油滴上，匯聚成油。含表面活性劑驅油(you)(you)(you)體系通(tong)過巖(yan)石(shi)孔隙時(shi)，巖(yan)石(shi)表(biao)面的(de)油(you)(you)(you)滴和(he)油(you)(you)(you)膜會以小(xiao)(xiao)油(you)(you)(you)滴形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，從巖(yan)石(shi)表(biao)面清洗下來，小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)滴與(yu)驅油(you)(you)(you)系統過程將(jiang)相互碰撞(zhuang)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)滴，然后(hou)油(you)(you)(you)滴碰撞(zhuang)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)較大(da)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)珠(zhu)(zhu)，大(da)油(you)(you)(you)珠(zhu)(zhu)碰撞(zhuang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)油(you)(you)(you)帶，油(you)(you)(you)帶會和(he)小(xiao)(xiao)滴油(you)(you)(you)、油(you)(you)(you)珠(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)合(he)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)較大(da)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)區，油(you)(you)(you)帶沿(yan)驅體液的(de)方向(xiang)流動，使(shi)剩余油(you)(you)(you)流入生(sheng)產井。

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有(you)時(shi)原油(you)(you)(you)表面活(huo)性(xing)劑驅(qu)油(you)(you)(you)體系對原油(you)(you)(you)的(de)乳化能力(li)主要表現在油(you)(you)(you)水兩(liang)相流(liu)(liu)，表面活(huo)性(xing)劑驅(qu)油(you)(you)(you)體系可以快速排出，分散，剝離巖石表面，O/W乳狀液的(de)形成，從而改善油(you)(you)(you)水流(liu)(liu)度比(bi)，提高波(bo)及(ji)效率，提高產(chan)量。

此外(wai)，由于表面活性(xing)(xing)劑在油(you)滴表面上(shang)吸附電(dian)荷，增加油(you)滴和巖石顆粒的(de)(de)靜電(dian)斥力，油(you)滴不容易重(zhong)新粘貼(tie)到巖石顆粒表面，導致表面活性(xing)(xing)劑驅(qu)油(you)系統的(de)(de)液體夾(jia)帶，沿流(liu)動方向流(liu)向采油(you)井，提(ti)高噴油(you)系統的(de)(de)驅(qu)油(you)效(xiao)率(lv)和提(ti)高采收率(lv)。

用陰離子表(biao)面(mian)活(huo)性劑(ji)或非(fei)離子表(biao)面(mian)活(huo)性劑(ji)驅(qu)油(you)(you)時，表(biao)面(mian)活(huo)性劑(ji)會吸附在油(you)(you)滴(di)(di)和顆粒(li)的表(biao)面(mian)，巖石或油(you)(you)滴(di)(di)表(biao)面(mian)電(dian)荷密度增(zeng)大，使(shi)油(you)(you)滴(di)(di)和巖石表(biao)面(mian)的靜(jing)電(dian)斥力增(zeng)大，油(you)(you)滴(di)(di)被驅(qu)油(you)(you)體系夾帶，達到(dao)提高驅(qu)油(you)(you)效率(lv)(lv)，提高原油(you)(you)采收(shou)率(lv)(lv)的目的。?

降低(di)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力(li)是表面(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑驅的基(ji)本依據(ju)，是兩親分子(zi)(zi)(zi)，取代界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溶劑分子(zi)(zi)(zi)的結果。界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上吸(xi)附的兩親分子(zi)(zi)(zi)越多(duo)，兩親性(xing)(xing)分子(zi)(zi)(zi)和油(you)相分子(zi)(zi)(zi)和水分子(zi)(zi)(zi)的分子(zi)(zi)(zi)量越接近等于，且有較(jiao)大的絕對值(zhi)，則界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)張力(li)越低(di)。表面(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)劑性(xing)(xing)質、油(you)水相性(xing)(xing)能、儲層環境（溫度、含鹽量）變化(hua)及驅油(you)性(xing)(xing)能也會(hui)影(ying)響。