聚醚胺是(shi)一種重要(yao)的(de)高(gao)分子(zi)材料(liao),具有(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)導電性和熱穩定性,是(shi)有(you)(you)機電子(zi)技(ji)術領域的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)應用(yong)材料(liao)之(zhi)一。與傳(chuan)統的(de)無機材料(liao)相比,聚(ju)醚胺具有(you)(you)較(jiao)低的(de)制備成本和較(jiao)好的(de)可塑(su)性,因此在柔性電子(zi)和可穿戴(dai)設備方面有(you)(you)很大的(de)應用(yong)潛力。在聚(ju)醚胺與有(you)(you)機電子(zi)技(ji)術的(de)結合中,已經取(qu)得了(le)一些突破,主(zhu)要(yao)表現在以(yi)下幾個方面:
1. 聚(ju)醚(mi)(mi)胺(an)(an)與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)結合(he)(he):聚(ju)醚(mi)(mi)胺(an)(an)具有較高的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性質,可以與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)如碳(tan)納米(mi)管(guan)、石墨烯等結合(he)(he),形成導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)復(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。這些(xie)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)復(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)具有較高的(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性和機(ji)械柔(rou)韌(ren)性,可用(yong)于(yu)柔(rou)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)器(qi)件(jian)的(de)(de)制(zhi)備,如柔(rou)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)顯示屏、柔(rou)性傳(chuan)感器(qi)等。此外(wai),聚(ju)醚(mi)(mi)胺(an)(an)與(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)的(de)(de)混(hun)合(he)(he)也可以產生導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)復(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao),如聚(ju)苯胺(an)(an)、聚(ju)噻吩等與(yu)聚(ju)醚(mi)(mi)胺(an)(an)的(de)(de)混(hun)合(he)(he)物(wu)。這些(xie)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)復(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)不僅具有高導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性,還具有較好的(de)(de)成膜性能和機(ji)械柔(rou)性,可用(yong)于(yu)柔(rou)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)器(qi)件(jian)的(de)(de)制(zhi)備。
2. 聚(ju)醚胺與(yu)(yu)有(you)機(ji)(ji)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)結合:有(you)機(ji)(ji)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)是一類以(yi)有(you)機(ji)(ji)半導體材料(liao)為主(zhu)要光電(dian)轉換(huan)層的(de)(de)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi),具有(you)制備工藝(yi)簡單、機(ji)(ji)械柔性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可(ke)大面積制備等特點(dian)。聚(ju)醚胺可(ke)以(yi)作(zuo)為有(you)機(ji)(ji)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)子傳輸(shu)層,通(tong)過調節聚(ju)醚胺的(de)(de)結構和性(xing)(xing)(xing)質,可(ke)以(yi)改(gai)善太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)光電(dian)轉換(huan)效(xiao)率和穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)。聚(ju)醚胺可(ke)以(yi)在有(you)機(ji)(ji)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)層和電(dian)極(ji)之間形(xing)成連續的(de)(de)電(dian)子傳輸(shu)通(tong)道,提(ti)高(gao)光電(dian)子的(de)(de)收集(ji)和傳輸(shu)效(xiao)率。此(ci)外,聚(ju)醚胺還可(ke)以(yi)與(yu)(yu)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)層材料(liao)形(xing)成較好的(de)(de)相容性(xing)(xing)(xing),減(jian)少(shao)界面缺陷,提(ti)高(gao)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)。
3. 聚(ju)醚胺(an)與有機(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)二(er)極管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)結合:有機(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)二(er)極管(guan)(OLED)是一(yi)種(zhong)以有機(ji)材料(liao)為(wei)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)平面光(guang)(guang)源,具有高(gao)亮度、寬色域、高(gao)對比度等特點,廣泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)于顯(xian)示和(he)照(zhao)明領域。聚(ju)醚胺(an)可(ke)以作為(wei)OLED的(de)(de)(de)載(zai)流子(zi)(zi)注入(ru)層(ceng)和(he)載(zai)流子(zi)(zi)傳(chuan)輸(shu)層(ceng),改善電子(zi)(zi)和(he)空(kong)穴(xue)的(de)(de)(de)注入(ru)和(he)傳(chuan)輸(shu)效率(lv),提高(gao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)效率(lv)和(he)亮度。此外,聚(ju)醚胺(an)還可(ke)以改善OLED的(de)(de)(de)熱穩(wen)定性(xing)和(he)機(ji)械柔韌性(xing),延長OLED的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命。
4. 聚醚(mi)胺與柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)的結合:柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)是一類基(ji)于柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)基(ji)底上制備(bei)(bei)的電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian),具有彎(wan)曲、可(ke)卷曲等(deng)特點,可(ke)應用于可(ke)穿戴設備(bei)(bei)、智能醫療等(deng)領域。聚醚(mi)胺可(ke)以作為柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)的基(ji)底材(cai)(cai)料或包覆材(cai)(cai)料,具有較好的機(ji)械柔(rou)韌性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)熱穩定性(xing)(xing),可(ke)以改善器(qi)件(jian)的柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)耐(nai)用性(xing)(xing)。此外(wai),聚醚(mi)胺還可(ke)以與柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)的功能材(cai)(cai)料相(xiang)結合,在柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)上實現(xian)多功能,如柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)子皮(pi)膚、可(ke)彎(wan)曲電(dian)子紙等(deng)。
總(zong)之,聚醚(mi)胺與有(you)(you)機(ji)電(dian)子技(ji)術的結合為柔性電(dian)子、太陽能電(dian)池和(he)(he)發光二(er)極管(guan)等領(ling)域提供了新的材料和(he)(he)技(ji)術途徑。隨著對聚醚(mi)胺性質(zhi)和(he)(he)結構的深入研究(jiu),聚醚(mi)胺在有(you)(you)機(ji)電(dian)子技(ji)術領(ling)域的應用(yong)將會得到更廣泛(fan)的發展和(he)(he)應用(yong)。