表面(mian)(mian)黏度與表面(mian)(mian)膜(mo)的牢(lao)固度密切有關由于吸(xi)附(fu)膜(mo)有表面(mian)(mian)壓(ya)力和(he)黏度，它必定具(ju)有彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)。吸(xi)附(fu)膜(mo)的表面(mian)(mian)壓(ya)力越(yue)大，黏度越(yue)高，其彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量就越(yue)大。表面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)附(fu)膜(mo)的彈(dan)(dan)性(xing)模(mo)量在(zai)穩(wen)泡過程中有重要意義。

表面活性劑是洗滌劑(ji)(ji)去污配(pei)方的(de)一(yi)個主要組成(cheng)分除特殊用(yong)途外，這些產(chan)品在使用(yong)后即(ji)被直接或經(jing)污水處(chu)(chu)理(li)廠處(chu)(chu)理(li)后排(pai)放到環境中(zhong)。而在洗滌劑(ji)(ji)中(zhong)占主要地位(wei)的(de)還是較難生物降解的(de)陰離子表面(mian)(mian)活性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)。含表面(mian)(mian)活性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)廢水的(de)大量排(pai)放,不僅直接危(wei)害水生環境,殺死(si)環境中(zhong)微生物,抑制了其(qi)它有毒(du)物質的(de)降解,同時(shi)還會(hui)導致水中(zhong)溶解氧(yang)的(de)減(jian)少(shao),尤其(qi)含氮、磷(lin)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)活性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)會(hui)造成(cheng)水體富營(ying)養化。當進入污水處(chu)(chu)理(li)廠污水中(zhong)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)活性(xing)劑(ji)(ji)達到一(yi)定濃(nong)度時(shi),會(hui)影(ying)響曝(pu)氣、沉(chen)淀(dian)、污泥(ni)硝化等諸多過(guo)程。

生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)促(cu)進(jin)有(you)機(ji)污染物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解(jie)的(de)作用(yong)機(ji)理(li)、其與(yu)降解(jie)菌(jun)株及(ji)底物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)相互作用(yong)關系都還不甚清楚。雖然生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)微(wei)(wei)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解(jie)，但它們也有(you)一(yi)些(xie)抑制因(yin)素，如(ru)有(you)些(xie)表(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)濃度達到CMC以上時就對微(wei)(wei)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，有(you)些(xie)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)的(de)膠粒能干(gan)擾細胞過程。生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)也能作為一(yi)種優先碳(tan)源，與(yu)有(you)機(ji)污染物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)降解(jie)形成競爭，從(cong)而(er)導致(zhi)污染物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解(jie)率(lv)下(xia)降。此外表(biao)面(mian)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)還可能造成微(wei)(wei)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)數(shu)量(liang)的(de)分散而(er)導致(zhi)不同(tong)的(de)結果。這(zhe)些(xie)作用(yong)機(ji)理(li)都需(xu)要深入探究。?

進(jin)行原位修復時，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)使用(yong)(yong)會(hui)對生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)土(tu)著微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)群產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)一定(ding)的(de)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)和影響，此(ci)外由于(yu)(yu)其(qi)能被微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解，其(qi)代謝產(chan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)可(ke)(ke)能更具毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)。因此(ci)，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)存(cun)在(zai)可(ke)(ke)能會(hui)會(hui)對環境造(zao)成一定(ding)的(de)污染(ran)(ran)并增加了(le)環境污染(ran)(ran)的(de)負擔。可(ke)(ke)見，加強生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)對環境產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)潛(qian)在(zai)的(de)影響和其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)研究，將為(wei)有效地控制生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)造(zao)成的(de)環境污染(ran)(ran)、合理利用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)，提供重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)科學依據。在(zai)進(jin)行現場表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)增溶修復時，必須(xu)進(jin)行全(quan)面(mian)(mian)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)毒性(xing)(xing)(xing)和環境危害性(xing)(xing)(xing)實驗(yan)，確(que)保生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)使用(yong)(yong)安全(quan)。