陰離子表面活性劑在去污方面有(you)優異(yi)的(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能，但是常與非(fei)(fei)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)復配使用(yong)(yong)，得到更好的(de)(de)脫墨效果(guo)。陰(yin)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)具有(you)良好的(de)(de)發泡(pao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)去油污性(xing)(xing)(xing)能，非(fei)(fei)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)在水(shui)溶(rong)液中呈(cheng)現非(fei)(fei)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)狀(zhuang)態，穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)(xing)高。當非(fei)(fei)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)和(he)陰(yin)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)表面活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)配合使用(yong)(yong)時，使膠粒帶負電，同電相(xiang)斥，可以形成(cheng)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)分散(san)體系，有(you)利于(yu)油墨與纖維分離(li)而除(chu)去。

皮革加脂(zhi)是將油(you)脂(zhi)加入皮內，作用是在膠原纖維(wei)表面形成單分(fen)(fen)子層油(you)膜，并在纖維(wei)間也(ye)吸附適量的油(you)脂(zhi)，防(fang)止纖維(wei)結(jie)合變(bian)硬(ying)，使纖維(wei)分(fen)(fen)子鏈及(ji)鏈段運動(dong)變(bian)得十分(fen)(fen)容易，從(cong)而提高皮革柔軟度和豐滿感，防(fang)止皮板僵硬(ying)甚至開裂。故加脂(zhi)是制革一道重要工序。

填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)分為濕填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)干填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)，這里主(zhu)要(yao)指濕填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)。所(suo)謂濕填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)指將加脂前(qian)、后的革(ge)置于填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)劑(ji)浴液內(nei)，填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)劑(ji)滲入革(ge)纖維內(nei)并(bing)填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)于革(ge)纖維間或吸附于革(ge)纖維周(zhou)圍(wei)，從而使革(ge)挺實、豐滿、增加彈性并(bing)能有效克服(fu)松面和(he)減少(shao)部位差(cha)。填(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)過程中表面活性劑(ji)的作用是(shi)幫(bang)助滲透和(he)擴散。

紙(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)一種重要的(de)(de)包裝材料。隨著紙(zhi)(zhi)和紙(zhi)(zhi)板需(xu)求量(liang) 的(de)(de)不斷增加(jia)，勢必(bi)造(zao)成原料緊張、能源短(duan)缺等問題(ti)的(de)(de)加(jia)劇。由(you)于我國(guo)森林資(zi)源有(you)限(xian)，水資(zi)源短(duan)缺，滿足不了造(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)工業的(de)(de)需(xu)求，因(yin)此在倡導生態文明和循(xun)環經濟的(de)(de)今天，廢棄(qi)紙(zhi)(zhi)和紙(zhi)(zhi)制品的(de)(de)回收利用顯(xian)得至關(guan)重要。 

從世界范圍看，廢紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的使用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)有54%的比例(li)用(yong)(yong)做紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)板，15%用(yong)(yong)做包裝紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，12%用(yong)(yong)做新聞紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，10%用(yong)(yong)做衛生紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，7%用(yong)(yong)做打印和書(shu)寫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。廢紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可以省去復雜的木材原料準備、蒸煮(zhu)、漂白等工(gong)序。廢紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利用(yong)(yong)的關(guan)鍵是廢紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫墨(mo)(mo)技術。表面(mian)活性劑是廢紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫墨(mo)(mo)的主(zhu)要活性成分(fen)，文中(zhong)針對不(bu)同表面(mian)活性劑的性能做一些比選，并應用(yong)(yong)于廢舊新聞紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的化學洗(xi)滌(di)法脫墨(mo)(mo)，并探討了其合適的工(gong)藝。